What do the indicators mean?
There are five indicators that determine the QS World University Rankings by Subject 2023:
Academic reputation
Drawing on responses from over 130,000 academics, respondents are asked to list up to 10 domestic and 30 international institutions which they consider to be excellent for research in the given area. The results of the survey are then filtered according to the narrow area of expertise identified by respondents.
The employer reputation indicator draws from the survey responses of more than 75,000 graduate employers worldwide. Employers are asked to identify up to 10 domestic and 30 international institutions they consider excellent for the recruitment of graduates. They are also asked to identify the disciplines from which they prefer to recruit.
Research citations per paper
All citations data is sourced from Elsevier Scopus. A minimum publication threshold is set for each subject to avoid potential anomalies stemming from small numbers of highly cited papers.
Both the minimum publications threshold and the weighting applied to the citations indicator are adapted in order to best reflect prevalent publication and citation patterns in a given discipline.
H-index
The H-index is a way of measuring both the productivity and impact of an academic or department at a university. The index is based on the set of the academic’s most cited papers and the number of citations they have received in other publications.
International research network (by broad faculty area)
The IRN Index reflects the ability of institutions to diversify the geography of their international research network by establishing sustainable research partnerships with other higher education institutions.
The set of indicators for our World University Ranking and their weights are shown below, linking to their fuller descriptions in our methods section.
Academic Reputation |Ακαδημαϊκή Φήμη
Employer Reputation| Φήμη Εργοδότη
Faculty Student Ratio | Αναλογία Φοιτητών Σχολής
Citations per Faculty |Αναφορές ανά Σχολή
International Faculty Ratio |
International Student Ratio |
International Research Network | 0% (for 2023 edition)
Employment Outcomes |0% (for 2023 edition)